Theorem: Law of Total Probability 

Given mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive events \(A_1,A_2,\ldots,A_n\) with the probabilities \(p(A_i) > 0\) for \(i=1,2,\ldots,n\), the probability of any event \(B\) can be calculated by the formula

\[p(B)=\sum_{i=1}^np(B|A_i)p(A_i)=p(B|A_1)p(A_1) + p(B|A_2)p(A_2) + \ldots + p(B|A_n)p(A_n).\]

This formula is called the law of total probability.

| | | | | created: 2014-02-23 22:45:22 | modified: 2017-08-04 23:07:13 | by: bookofproofs | references: [856]

1.Proof: (related to "Law of Total Probability") 

2.Problem: Broken Items in the Box